Very Young Children in HIV Treatment More Likely to Die
Children younger than age 5 years with HIV who received antiretroviral treatment (ART) died globally at percentages two to nine times higher than older children, a CDC study found. Among children receiving ART for HIV through the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), 4.9% of those under age 1 and 2.5% of those […]
Noninvasive Therapy Shows Efficacy in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
WASHINGTON — An investigational non-surgical treatment led to a “robust” complete response rate in patients with recurrent, low-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the phase III ENVISION study showed. Patients treated with the UGN-102 (mitomycin) intravesical solution achieved a complete response rate of 79.2% (95% CI 73.5-84.1) at 3 months without having to undergo transurethral resection of […]
Year in Review: Follicular Lymphoma
Studies demonstrating high response rates and manageable safety profiles, along with FDA approvals, have supported bispecific antibodies as promising treatment options for follicular lymphoma. At the start of 2023, a new option became available with the accelerated approval of mosunetuzumab (Lunsumio) late last year. The first-in-class bispecific monoclonal antibody works by inducing CD20-directed CD3 T-cell […]
AI may aid in diagnosing adolescents with ADHD
Using artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze specialized brain MRI scans of adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), researchers found significant differences in nine brain white matter tracts in individuals with ADHD. Results of the study will be presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). ADHD is a […]
Twin research indicates that that a vegan diet improves cardiovascular health
In a study with 22 pairs of identical twins, Stanford Medicine researchers and their colleagues have found that a vegan diet improves cardiovascular health in as little as eight weeks. Although it’s well-known that eating less meat improves cardiovascular health, diet studies are often hampered by factors such as genetic differences, upbringing and lifestyle choices. […]
Methotrexate Tied to Greater Risks for Older Patients With CKD
Older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) had greater risks for serious adverse events when starting on low-dose methotrexate rather than hydroxychloroquine, a propensity score-matched analysis found. About 60% of the cohort’s new prescription came from a rheumatologist. Within 90 days of starting either treatment, the risk for the composite outcome — a hospital visit […]
Clinical Challenges: Test Your Knowledge on New Breast Cancer Treatments
The number of available treatment options for patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer continues to grow. The following three-question quiz will test one aspect from each article in our “Clinical Challenges” series on advanced breast cancer, which covered managing adverse effects of novel therapies and sequencing of treatments in metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer and metastatic […]
Two Approaches for Infected Necrotizing Pancreatitis Go Head-to-Head
Upfront endoscopic necrosectomy may be suitable for certain patients with confirmed or suspected infected necrotizing pancreatitis, results of a small randomized trial suggested. In 70 patients undergoing drainage with endoscopic transluminal stenting, upfront necrosectomy immediately afterward led to fewer subsequent interventions to achieve treatment success compared with when this procedure was reserved for stubborn cases […]
Mahvash Disease Case Resolved With Liver Transplantation
A woman with Mahvash disease presented with portal hypertension that necessitated liver transplantation; the liver complications observed in this case report distinguish it from what’s more typically seen in patients with this condition. The 27-year-old woman presented with mildly elevated aminotransferase levels and chronic pancreatitis after having experienced three episodes of hematemesis. Although her imaging […]
High-Sensitivity Troponin Test May Overestimate Risk in PE
For patients with hemodynamically stable pulmonary embolism (PE), there was no prognostic value found for the mild elevations in cardiac troponin captured only on high-sensitivity assays at the emergency room, based on an exploratory analysis of the PROTECT cohort study. Whereas a finding of conventional cardiac troponin I (cTnI) elevation was associated with a complicated […]