AKI Cleared of Worsening CKD Trajectory
Acute kidney injury (AKI) didn’t predict worsening kidney function in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a prospective study showed. According to findings from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study, CKD patients hospitalized for AKI saw a statistically insignificant drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during a nearly 4-year follow-up period, reported Chi-yuan […]
FLT3 Inhibitor Doubles Overall Survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Incorporating quizartinib into standard treatment for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) followed by maintenance therapy with the investigational FLT3 inhibitor improved survival for patients with internal-tandem-duplication (ITD) mutations of FLT3, a placebo-controlled randomized trial showed. In the phase III study of over 500 patients undergoing standard induction and consolidation therapy, median overall survival (OS) […]
Helmet CPAP Leads Noninvasive Ventilation Therapies for Acute Respiratory Failure
The available noninvasive oxygenation strategies varied in their effectiveness in treating acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF), according to a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Helmet continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was the only modality that had at least moderate certainty evidence backing a probable mortality reduction compared with standard oxygen therapy (SOT; 231 fewer deaths per […]
Sleep Problems Tied to Increased Stroke Risk
Many symptoms of poor sleep may be linked to an increased risk of acute stroke, according to the case-control INTERSTROKE study. Stroke patients were more than twice as likely to report shorter sleep (less than 5 hours; OR 3.15, 95% CI 2.09-4.76) and longer sleep (more than 9 hours; OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.89-3.78) in […]
Fast-Acting Nasal Spray for Migraine Snags FDA Approval
The FDA approved intranasal zavegepant (Zavzpret) for acute migraine, making it the first calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist nasal spray with this indication, drugmaker Pfizer announced on Friday. Zavegepant is indicated for the treatment of migraine with or without aura, and is not indicated for preventing migraine. The pathophysiology of migraines is related to […]
Depressive Symptoms Linked to Higher Risk of Acute Stroke
Symptoms of depression were associated with an increased risk of acute stroke, according to an international case-control study. Among more than 26,000 participants in the INTERSTROKE study, self-reported depressive symptoms were associated with significantly greater odds of acute stroke (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.34-1.58), including ischemic stroke (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.32-1.58) and intracerebral hemorrhage […]
CATIS-2: Delayed Antihypertension Tx for Acute Ischemic Stroke Still an Option
DALLAS — Antihypertensive treatment could wait for 7 days following an acute ischemic stroke (AIS), so long as the patient has no comorbidities that warrant the emergency reduction of their blood pressure (BP). In the CATIS-2 trial, there was no significant difference in the composite of major disability and death between patients with AIS who […]
Severe Chest Pain in Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer
What was causing ongoing severe acute chest pain in this 65-year-old patient with no cardiovascular risk factors or prior heart problems? That was the conundrum for Stefano Savonitto, MD, and colleagues at Manzoni Hospital in Lecco, Italy, when the patient arrived at their emergency department early one morning. They reported in JAMA Internal Medicine that […]
Clinical Challenges: Treating AML With IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations
About 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harbors a mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes, IDH1 or IDH2. Within the last decade, treatment for these patients “has changed significantly” with the development of first-in-class IDH1 and IDH2 inhibitors, said Tapan Kadia, MD, of the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Moreover, “treatment paradigms are […]
AML Study Suggests Intensive Chemo Unnecessary Before Allo-HCT
NEW ORLEANS — Patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) achieved similar outcomes with allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (allo-HCT) whether they went to transplant as soon as possible or underwent intensive salvage chemotherapy first, the randomized ASAP trial suggested. At day 56 post-transplant, complete remission (CR) rates were a similar 84.1% for patients […]